Evaluation of medical imaging systems

Kode Jurnal : JMED-0003
Bahasa : Inggris
Kategori : Medis
Jumlah Halaman : 15 hal (PDF)
Harga : Rp 0,-
ABSTRAK
Medical imaging used to be primarily within the domain of radiology, but with the advent of virtual pathology slides and telemedicine, imaging technology is expanding in the healthcare enterprise. As new imaging technologies are developed, they must be evaluated to assess the impact and benefit on patient care. The authors review the hierarchical model of the efficacy of diagnostic imaging systems by Fryback and Thornbury Med. Decis. Making 11, 88–94 1991 as a guiding principle for system evaluation. Evaluation of medical imaging systems encompasses everything from the hardware and software used to acquire, store, and transmit images to the presentation of images to the interpreting clinician. Evaluation of medical imaging systems can take many forms, from the purely technical e.g., patient dose measurement to the increasingly complex e.g., determining whether a new imaging method saves lives and benefits society . Evaluation methodologies cover a broad range, from receiver operating characteristic ROC techniques that measure diagnostic accuracy to timing studies that measure image-interpretation workflow efficiency. The authors review briefly the history of the development of evaluation methodologies and review ROC methodology as well as other types of evaluation methods. They discuss unique challenges in system evaluation that face the imaging community today and opportunities for future advances. © 2008 American Association of Physicists in Medicine.
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Evolution of ultrasound physics and the role of medical physicists and the AAPM and its journal in that evolution

Kode Jurnal : JMED-0002
Bahasa : Inggris
Kategori : Medis
Jumlah Halaman : 18 hal (PDF)
Harga : Rp 0,-
ABSTRAK
Ultrasound has been the greatest imaging modality worldwide for many years by equipment purchase value and by number of machines and examinations. It is becoming increasingly the front end imaging modality; serving often as an extension of the physician’s fingers. We believe that at the other extreme, high-end systems will continue to compete with all other imaging modalities in imaging departments to be the method of choice for various applications, particularly where safety and cost are paramount. Therapeutic ultrasound, in addition to the physiotherapy practiced for many decades, is just coming into its own as a major tool in the long progression to less invasive interventional treatment. The physics of medical ultrasound has evolved over many fronts throughout its history. For this reason, a topical review, rather than a primarily chronological one is presented. A brief review of medical ultrasound imaging and therapy is presented, with an emphasis on the contributions of medical physicists, the American Association of Physicists in Medicine AAPM and its publications, particularly its journal Medical Physics. The AAPM and Medical Physics have contributed substantially to training of physicists and engineers, medical practitioners, technologists, and the public. © 2009 American Association of Physicists in Medicine.
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Androgen-Deprivation Therapy in Prostate Cancer and Cardiovascular Risk

Kode Jurnal : JMED-0001
Bahasa : Inggris
Kategori : Medis
Jumlah Halaman : 8 hal (PDF)
Harga : Rp 0,-
ABSTRAK
There is a substantial amount of data demonstrating that ADT adversely affects traditional cardiovascular risk factors, including serum lipoproteins, insulin sensitivity, and obesity. Recent studies have reported a relation in patients with prostate cancer between ADT and an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, although different studies both have and have not reported an increased risk of cardiovascular death. Whether the explanation for this discrepancy is related to issues regarding study design and study limitations, competing risk issues, or risk primarily confined to those with established coronary artery disease, or because there is no actual causal relation between ADT and cardiovascular events, cannot be determined definitively at this point. However, it is plausible that ADT could increase cardiovascular risk on the basis of its adverse impact on risk factors for cardiovascular disease.
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